Pumpkin comes from the genus Cucurbita, covering varieties of gourds, and squashes. Believed to have first originated in North America’s New England, the term is commonly used in grocery stores and farmers markets, referring to many orange-colored winter squash varieties. 

Technically, pumpkins (Cucurbita pepo) are considered fruits, and specifically, a type of berry called pepo. Most pumpkins available in supermarkets contain deep ridges and rich orange skin, but some lesser-known varieties have different characteristics. 

Common Pumpkin Types

Planting pumpkins at home allows you to access varieties not found in stores. With plenty of culinary and decorative uses, pumpkins can become an exciting addition to your home garden.

Heirloom and Hybrid Pumpkins

Heirloom pumpkin varieties are technically free from crossbreeding for at least 40 to 50 years. American Tondo, Connecticut Field, Fairytale, Jack Be Little, Jack O Lantern, Ol Zebs, and Spookie are some of the most popular heirloom pumpkins. Because they are true-to-seed, heirloom varieties are ideal for seed saving. You get the same traits or qualities from the parent plant. Traditionally, heirloom plants are passed down from generation to generation in various ethnic, familial, or other social groups. However, some heirloom plants are maintained by private organizations like seed companies and universities. 

Hybrids are a result of manually cross breeding two different pumpkin varieties. Through this deliberate process, agriculturists can make improvements on flavor, growth, yield, and other traits for the resulting hybrid. Popular examples of hybrid pumpkins include Bellatrix, Blanco, Magic Lantern, Neon, Spartan, and Toad. 

Other Popular Pumpkin Groupings

Get to know these common pumpkin varieties classified by their distinct traits. 

Types of Pumpkin Skin Colors

Pumpkin varieties can have either an orange or white skin. Scientifically, white pumpkins are classified as Cucurbita maxima.

Types of Pumpkin Skin Textures

Not all pumpkin varieties are ribbed and smooth. Some grow rough and warty exteriors, giving them an unusual appearance.

Types of Pumpkin Flesh Colors

There are pumpkin varieties that develop paler flesh than others.

Types of Pumpkin Shapes

While round pumpkins are common, varieties with elongated shapes exist.

Types of Pumpkin Flavors

Pumpkins are generally sweet. Some varieties are milder, while others offer deeper hints of earthy and nutty flavors.

Pumpkin Flavors	Common Examples (Where to Buy)
Mild Pumpkins	Big Max (Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market) Jack O Lantern (Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market) Mammoth Gold (Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market)
Earthy/Nutty Pumpkins	Atlantic Giant (Eden Brothers, Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Cushaw Green-Striped (Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market) Fairytale (True Leaf Market) Kentucky Field (True Leaf Market) Pink Banana Jumbo (Eden Brothers) Turks Turban (Eden Brothers)
Sweet Pumpkins	Casper (Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market) Cinderella (Eden Brothers, Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Small Sugar (Eden Brothers, Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Spookie (Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market)

Types of Geographic Origins

Pumpkins are believed to have originated in North and South America. Due to the Spanish conquest, pumpkin has spread to other parts of the globe.

Geographic Origins	Common Examples (Where to Buy)
European, and Mediterranean Pumpkins	Atlantic Giant (Eden Brothers, Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Cinderella (Eden Brothers, Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Galeux d’Eysines (True Leaf Market)
Central, North, and South American Pumpkins	Baby Boo (Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Blanco (Territorial Seed Company) Goosebumps (Territorial Seed Company) Howden (Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Marina Di Chioggia (True Leaf Market) Small Sugar (Eden Brothers, Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market) Spartan (Territorial Seed Company) Sugar Pie (True Leaf Market) Winter Luxury (Territorial Seed Company)

Types of Culinary Uses

Pumpkins have been widely cultivated for culinary uses. Cooking the pumpkin allows the flesh to soften and further enhance its flavor.

Types of Disease Resistance

Heirloom varieties tend to fall victim to common pumpkin diseases, such as anthracnose, bacterial leaf spot, downy mildew, Fusarium rot, and powdery mildew. 

Types of Preferred Growing Conditions

If you have limited garden space, consider planting smaller varieties of pumpkins suitable for containers. Pumpkins thrive in well-drained soils with exposure to sunlight. Home gardeners with physical problems should consider building a trellis for their pumpkins as it can save them from a back-breaking harvest instead of allowing the pumpkin to develop on the ground.

Popular Varieties of Pumpkins for Carving

Pumpkins are a huge part of the Halloween celebration. Get your creativity kicks with these pumpkin varieties suitable for carving. Whether you want scary or cute faces for display, the options below will hold up well as decorations.

Variety	Description	Days to Germination	Days to Maturity After Flowering	Where to Buy
Autumn Gold Bush F1	A semi-bush type pumpkin, Autumn Gold Bush F1 is a short-season favorite, producing 15 to 18 pounds of bright orange fruit.	7 to 10 days	70 to 75 days	True Leaf Market
Big Max	At best, Big Max can grow over a 100-pound pumpkin. This variety is popular among growers participating in competitions and country fairs. The thick rinds in Big Max make them ideal for storage. You can freeze or chop Big Max pieces for casseroles, pies, and soups.	7 to 14 days	120 to 125 days	Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market
Connecticut Field	This heirloom pumpkin variety is an excellent choice for carving. Connecticut Field can produce a 20-pound fruit with a uniquely flat bottom.	6 to 12 days	110 to 115 days	Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market
Howden	Howden pumpkins have a vining growth habit, reaching up to 10 feet. This large pumpkin variety is a Halloween favorite for carving. Expect 20- to 30-pound orange pumpkins with ribbed and uniform exterior.	7 to 14 days	115 to 120 days	Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market
Jack O Lantern	This variety has been traditionally planted primarily for carving. Its thick skin and flesh make it an ideal material for creative carvers. After displaying, the flesh from the Jack O Lantern can be used for casseroles, muffins, pies, and soups.	7 to 14 days	90 to 110 days	Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market
Jarrahdale	An heirloom pumpkin variety from New Zealand, Jarrahdale has a slate blue skin and orange flesh suitable for home gardening. Expect Jarrahdale pumpkins to weigh anywhere between 9 and 10 pounds.	5 to 10 days	100 to 105 days	True Leaf Market
Mammoth Gold	Mammoth Gold pumpkins are resistant to downy and powdery mildew. Under best conditions, the fruit from this variety can weigh 40 to 60 pounds with a smooth skin surface and pale orange flesh.	5 to 10 days	110 to 115 days	Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market
Ol Zebs	Ol Zebs boasts resistance to powdery mildew, and grows deeply ribbed fruits with durable stem handles.	7 to 10 days	105 to 110 days	True Leaf Market

Popular Varieties of Culinary Pumpkins

Pumpkins can be used for various culinary techniques. Every variety differs in flavor and texture. Below are some of the most popular varieties of pumpkin if you’re aiming for an edible crop to plant in your home vegetable garden.

Variety	Description	Days to Germination	Days to Maturity After Flowering	Where to Buy
Baby Bear	Under ideal conditions, Baby Bear pumpkin can yield 10 to 20 pumpkins per season. This variety grows miniature pumpkins 5 to 6 inches across. Seeds from this variety can be roasted, while its orange flesh can be used in pies. Due to its size and versatile use, Baby Bear is an All-America Selections winner.	7 to 10 days	105 to 110 days	True Leaf Market
Cushaw Orange-Striped	Cushaw Orange-Striped has a distinct pear and crookneck shape with white-orange stripes. Fine grained and sweet, its flesh makes delicious pies.	7 to 10 days	110 to 115 days	True Leaf Market
Montana	If you’re looking for a short-season pumpkin variety, consider Montana. This variety was bred by John Navazio for early maturity and is suitable for short summers.	7 to 14 days	90 to 95 days	True Leaf Market
Red Warty Thing	This heirloom variety has a stringless flesh that can be boiled and roasted. It offers a mildly sweet flavor that also goes well in dessert recipes. Red Warty Thing has an unusual appearance due to its bumpy exterior and thick rinds, prolonging its storage life.	7 to 20 days	110 to 115 days	True Leaf Market
Sugar Pie	Known as a New England pumpkin, Sugar Pie offers fine-textured, sweet flesh. You can use them in breads, cheesecakes, muffins, pies, and soups. It is excellent for canning and storage.	7 to 14 days	85 to 100 days	True Leaf Market

Popular Varieties of Ornamental Pumpkins

Similar to carving pumpkins, some varieties are exhibited at home for their eye-catching features in color, shape, and size. 

Variety	Description	Days to Germination	Days to Maturity After Flowering	Where to Buy
Baby Boo	Baby Boo pumpkins are ivory-white mini pumpkins that gradually turn yellow as they ripen. Some gardeners harvest them earlier to use as tabletops, garlands, or porch displays. These small pumpkins can be applied to culinary uses.	8 to 12 days	95 to 100 days	Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market
Cherokee Bush	Suitable for container growing, the Cherokee Bush is an excellent option for decoration. It produces orange, ribbed pumpkins, weighing 5 to 8 pounds.	7 to 14 days	100 to 110 days	True Leaf Mark
Cinderella	Also referred to as Rouge vif d’Etampes, Cinderella is a French heirloom reminiscent of the Disney Cinderella’s coach. The resulting fruit is deeply ribbed with a bright orange skin. After display, you can use Cinderella pumpkins for baking and roasting.	7 to 14 days	95 to 150 days	Eden Brothers, Territorial Seed Company, True Leaf Market
Spookie	Maintained by the Mountain Valley Seed Company, Spookie boasts dual purposes. Apart from its kitchen use, Spookies are traditionally displayed as decorations and even carved into jack-o-lanterns.	7 to 10 days	90 to 110 days	Eden Brothers, True Leaf Market

Popular Varieties of Large Pumpkins

Some pumpkin varieties are more rigorous in producing giant-sized fruits. In 2015, Ron Wallace, a 2-time Guinness World Record holder, was the first giant pumpkin grower to produce a 2,230-pound pumpkin in North America.

Variety	Description	Days to Germination	Days to Maturity After Flowering	Where to Buy
Dills Atlantic Giant	This heirloom pumpkin is a county fair favorite as it can grow pumpkins weighing 400 to 500 pounds. They make enormous pumpkins perfect for giant jack-o-lantern fall displays.	7 to 14 days	120 to 125 days	True Leaf Market
First Prize F1	This annual pumpkin variety can weigh 50 to 150 pounds with a smooth, ribbed, orange exterior.	7 to 14 days	120 to 125 days	True Leaf Market

FAQ About Types of Pumpkins

Which pumpkin variety is best for baking or roasting?

Pumpkins with high levels of sugar are excellent for baking and roasting. In your local grocery stores or farmers markets, you may find different varieties labeled as “sugar pumpkins” or “pie pumpkins.” Opt for this selection as natural sugars in their pumpkin flesh gradually caramelize when cooked. Popular examples of sugar pumpkins include Cinderella, Fairy Tale, and Lumina varieties.

What pumpkin type is cultivated for their seeds?

Also referred to as pepitas, pumpkin seeds can be consumed as a nutritious snack, providing nutrients like vitamin C, iron, magnesium, and protein. Most pumpkin seeds come with a white husk that can be hulled. Different types of pumpkins contain these seeds, but some grow without them. In some countries, Styrian pumpkins have been traditionally used in pumpkin seed oil production.